For which market is your 2008 S5? In the North America, 2008 models were still B7-based; ROW (including Europe), 2008 was the first year for B8 models. Your Fuse Panel F (right rear luggage compartment) looks like early B8.
Assuming yours is a B8 platform, Fuse Panel A is the assembly attached to the starter battery positive terminal (under the spare tire/wheel in the trunk).
Fuse 1 here powers other things, like Fuse Panel F Carrier 2 (black) and J807 (12V sockets relay). If your 12V sockets all work, the problem is not likely with 110A Fuse 1. --g